states of employment, unemployment, and non-participation. The determinants of actual household transitions are then … investigated using continuous employment histories for a sample of low-income families. Simulations using the estimated transition … functions show that increased unemployment among married men has a sizeable short-run effect on both participation and …

pressures on employment from participation are two-thirds that of unemployment. Moreover, the participation cycle delays the … recovery in employment because it lags the unemployment cycle. It also amplifies the unevenness of the impact of recessions ….e., the participation cycle, which are important for the implementation of the maximum employment mandate. We show that these …

Affirmative Action is not only supposed to help move minorities and females into employment, it is also supposed to …. Using disaggregated employment data in a new sample of nearly 10,000 establishments,this study finds that Affirmative Action … was generally successful during the late 1910's in increasing minority employment in skilled white-collar occupations as …

Demographic differences in patterns of employment variation over the business cycle are examined in this paper. Three … primary conclusions emerge. First, both participation and unemployment must be considered in any analysis of cyclical changes … in the labor market. Second, young people bear a disproportionate share of cyclical employment variation. Third, failure …

evolution over time of the employment rates of women and of the young, and of hours worked in OECD countries. Beyond controlling … do all this we find that culture still matters for women employment rates and for hours worked. However, policies and … appear to be important in explaining the employment rate of the young. In the case of women employment rates, the policy …

We rely on a decomposition of employment changes into job creation and job destruction components - and a novel set of … inferences: 1) The data favor a many- shock characterization of fluctuations in employment and job reallocation, 2) Theories of … employment fluctuations that attribute a predominant role to aggregate shocks must in order to fit the data involve …

This study measures the heterogeneity of establishment-level employment changes in the U.S. manufacturing sector over … reallocation and worker reallocation, to evaluate theories of heterogeneity in plant-level employment dynamics, and to establish …

This paper presents evidence that job suburbanization caused significant declines in black employment from 1970 to 2000 … across metropolitan areas, I find that job suburbanization is associated with substantial declines in black employment rates … relative to white employment rates. Evidence from nationally planned highway infrastructure corroborates a causal …