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The Inverted U-Shaped Relationship between Female Entrepreneurship and Economic Development

Ashraf, Nava; Delfino, Alexia; Glaeser, Edward L.; … - National Bureau of Economic Research - 2025

. This paper presents a model of entrepreneurship in which women face disadvantages, including discrimination from workers … in middle-income countries, where the returns to entrepreneurship are high enough to offset gender-based costs and both … more usually in industries with low levels of skilled workers. Despite the entrepreneurship rate's reversal of the U …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10015361484

Do Entrepreneurs Want Control? And Should They Get What They Want? A Historical and Theoretical Exploration

Lamoreaux, Naomi R.; Rosenthal, Jean-Laurent - National Bureau of Economic Research - 2023

From Elihu Thomson and Herbert Dow in the late nineteenth century to Steve Jobs a hundred years later, many entrepreneurs have been stymied by their investors. In this paper, we use a simple model to explore how outcomes might have been different if entrepreneurs, instead of the investors, had...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014250124

Transferable Skills? Founders as Venture Capitalists

Gompers, Paul A.; Mukharlyamov, Vladimir - National Bureau of Economic Research - 2022

In this paper we explore whether or not the experience as a founder of a venture capital-backed startup influences the performance of founders who become venture capitalists (VCs). We find that nearly 7% of VCs were previously founders of a venture-backed startup. Having a successful exit and...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013191001

Transformative and Subsistence Entrepreneurs : Origins and Impacts on Economic Growth

Akcigit, Ufuk; Alp, Harun; Pearce, Jeremy; Prato, Marta - National Bureau of Economic Research - 2025

entrepreneurship tends to be negative, it is strongly positive among transformative entrepreneurs. Transformative entrepreneurs, often … opportunities for inventors. In contrast, average entrepreneurs are more influenced by their family's entrepreneurship background … paths in entrepreneurship and invention. We identify talent misallocation caused by unequal education access, particularly …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10015409797

Native-Immigrant Entrepreneurial Synergies

Zhao, Jin; Kermani, Amir; McQuade, Timothy - National Bureau of Economic Research - 2025

We examine the performance of startups co-founded by immigrant and native teams. Leveraging unique data linking startups to founders' and employees' employment and education histories, we find native-migrant teams outperform native-only and migrant-only teams. Native-migrant startups have larger...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10015409836

Reluctant Entrepreneurs : Evidence from China's SOE Reform

Fang, Hanming; Li, Ming; Wu, Zenan; Zhang, Yapei - National Bureau of Economic Research - 2023

We study the impact of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) on the quality of entrepreneurship in China. Using long series of … high-skilled SOE employees were reluctantly unleashed into entrepreneurship. We also provide corroborating evidence for …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014372457

The 2021 Paycheck Protection Program Reboot : Loan Disbursement to Employer and Nonemployer Businesses in Minority Communities

Fairlie, Robert W.; Fossen, Frank M. - National Bureau of Economic Research - 2022

Was the $278 billion reboot of the $800 billion Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) in early 2021 disbursed equitably to minority communities? This paper provides the first analysis of how PPP funds were disbursed to minority communities in the third and final round of the program, which was...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012938701

Learning by Investing : Entrepreneurial Spillovers from Venture Capital

Lerner, Joshua; Li, Jinlin; Liu, Tong - National Bureau of Economic Research - 2023

This paper studies how investing in venture capital (VC) affects the entrepreneurial outcomes of individual limited partners (LPs). Using comprehensive administrative data on entrepreneurial activities and VC fundraising and investments in China, we first document that individual LPs, on...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014437028

Self-Employment Within the Firm

Bassi, Vittorio; Lee, Jay; Peter, Alessandra; Porzio, … - National Bureau of Economic Research - 2023

We collect time-use data for entrepreneurs and their workers in over 1,000 manufacturing firms in urban Uganda. We document limited labor specialization within the firm for establishments of all sizes and argue that this is likely due to the prevalence of product customization. We then develop a...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014372497

Estimating Labor Market Power

Azar, José A.; Berry, Steven; Marinescu, Ioana - National Bureau of Economic Research - 2022

Job differentiation gives employers market power, allowing them to pay workers less than their marginal productivity. We estimate a differentiated jobs model using application data from Careerbuilder.com. We find direct evidence of substantial job differentiation. Without the use of instruments...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013362019