positively to the product market reform in industries of countries where patent rights are strong, not where these are weak. The … positive response to the reform is more pronounced in industries in which innovators rely more on patenting than in other …

study a reform in Germany that abruptly abolished this mandate for certain firms incorporated after August 1994 but locked …

predicts that the portability reform will increase internal plan switching. However, under plausible assumptions, it will not … increase external insurer switching. Moreover, the portability reform will enable unhealthier enrollees to reoptimize their …

We study a fundamental reform of the public Disability Insurance (DI) system in Germany. Effective 2001, cohorts born … rules require work disability in any job. Using administrative data, we first show that the reform significantly reduced the …

reversed when households decumulate savings. We also conclude that closed-economy models of pension reform miss quantitatively …Population aging and pension reform will have profound effects on international capital markets. First, demographic … reform shifts old-age provision towards more pre-funding. Third, while the patterns of population aging are similar in most …

and fiscal reform, and the issuance by individual member states of debt indexed to nominal GDP …