Regulation consists of rulemaking and enforcement. Economic theory offers two complementary rationales for regulating … arise in multi- party relationships and that regulation introduces opportunities to impose rules that enhance the welfare of … discretion and choose actions for the common good. Agency-cost theories portray regulation as a way to raise the quality of …

-level governance, country-level governance, country-level regulation, and bank balance sheet and profitability characteristics before …

actual sign of the marginal effect of regulation on risk varies with ownership concentration. These findings have important … policy implications as they imply that the same regulation will have different effects on bank risk taking depending on the …

During the Progressive Era at the beginning of the 20th century, the United States replaced litigation by regulation as … enforcement strategy between litigation and regulation based on the idea that justice can be subverted with sufficient expenditure … environment of significant inequality of wealth and political power. The switch to regulation can then be seen as an efficient …