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Using Payroll Tax Variation to Unpack the Black Box of Firm-Level Production

Benzarti, Youssef - 2020

This paper uses quasi-experimental variation in payroll taxes to estimate their incidence and investigate how firms use their input factors. We find that higher payroll tax rates lead to large employment responses and have no effects on employee earnings. As payroll taxes increase, firms...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012479164

Worker Representatives

Budde, Julian; Dohmen, Thomas; Jäger, Simon; Trenkle, Simon - National Bureau of Economic Research - 2024

We study the descriptive and substantive representation of workers through worker representatives, focusing on the selection of German works council representatives and their impact on worker outcomes. Becoming a professional representative leads to substantial wage gains for the elected,...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014635703

Diversity and Discrimination in the Classroom

Anderberg, Dan; Dahl, Gordon B.; Felfe, Christina; … - National Bureau of Economic Research - 2024

What makes diversity unifying in some settings but divisive in others? We examine how the mixing of ethnic groups in German schools affects intergroup cooperation and trust. We leverage the quasi-random assignment of students to classrooms within schools to obtain variation in the type of...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014486175

Empirical Strategies in Economics : Illuminating the Path from Cause to Effect

Angrist, Joshua D. - National Bureau of Economic Research - 2022

The view that empirical strategies in economics should be transparent and credible now goes almost without saying. The local average treatment effects (LATE) framework for causal inference helped make this so. The LATE theorem tells us for whom particular instrumental variables (IV) and...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012938695

Taking PISA Seriously : How Accurate are Low Stakes Exams?

Akyol, Ş. Pelin - 2018

PISA is seen as the gold standard for evaluating educational outcomes worldwide. Yet, being a low-stakes exam, students may not take it seriously resulting in downward biased scores and inaccurate rankings. This paper provides a method to identify and account for non-serious behavior in...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012480585

Sample Selectivity and the Validity of International Student Achievement Tests in Economic Research

Hanushek, Eric A. - 2010

Critics of international student comparisons argue that results may be influenced by differences in the extent to which countries adequately sample their entire student populations. In this research note, we show that larger exclusion and non-response rates are related to better country average...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012462783

Accountability, Incentives and Behavior : The Impact of High-Stakes Testing in the Chicago Public Schools

Jacob, Brian A. - 2002

The recent federal education bill, No Child Left Behind, requires states to test students in grades three to eight each … year, and to judge school performance on the basis of these test scores. While intended to maximize student learning, there …-west. I demonstrate that these gains were driven largely by increases in test-specific skills and student effort, and did not …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012469746

Peer Effects in the Classroom : Learning from Gender and Race Variation

Hoxby, Caroline - 2000

Peer effects are potentially important for understanding the optimal organization of schools, jobs, and neighborhoods, but finding evidence is difficult because people are selected into peer groups based, in part, on their unobservable characteristics. I identify the effects of peers whom a...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012470876

Education Research and Administrative Data

Figlio, David N. - 2015

Thanks to extraordinary and exponential improvements in data storage and computing capacities, it is now possible to collect, manage, and analyze data in magnitudes and in manners that would have been inconceivable just a short time ago. As the world has developed this remarkable capacity to...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012457077

Post COVID-19 Test Score Recovery : Initial Evidence from State Testing Data

Halloran, Clare; Hug, Claire E.; Jack, Rebecca; Oster, Emily - National Bureau of Economic Research - 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic caused significant disruption in schooling in the U.S., and student test scores showed dramatic … declines by the end of the 2020-21 school year. We use state test score data to analyze patterns of test score recovery over … the 2021-22 school year. On average, we find that 20% of test score losses are recovered in English language arts (ELA) by …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014250131

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