Thi spaper is concerned with the risk-allocation effects of alternative types of contracts used to set the price of a … good tobe delivered in the future. Under a fixed price contract, the price is specified in advance. Under a spot price … contract, the price is the price prevailing in the spot market at the time of delivery.These contract forms are examined in the …

This paper presents evidence on the amount of price rigidity that exists in individual transaction prices. Using the … important findings are: 1.The degree of price rigidity in many industries is significant. It is not unusual in some industries … commodities, the correlation of price changes across buyers is very low. 3.There is no evidence that there is an asymmetry in …

consumer surplus bounds. In scanner data we find smaller panel elasticities than cross-section and that soda price increases …

Though built with increasingly precise microfoundations, modern optimizing sticky price models have displayed a chronic … [2000]. This is an ironic finding, since Taylor [1980] and other researchers were motivated to study sticky price models in … standard view of the cyclical behavior of real marginal cost built into current sticky price macro models. Using both a small …

volatility are high, few imports are pre-bought, the price of imports is determined by the realized real exchange rate, and a … purchased in the spot market, the price of imports is determined by the realized real exchange rate, and the relative PPP holds …-buying imports, reducing thereby the frequency of pricing to market, increasing the expected relative price of imports, reducing the …

roughly doubled. The price response to generic entry of brand-name products has been a source of controversy. In this paper we … estimate models of price responses to generic entry in the market for brand-name and generic drugs. We study a sample of 32 … increase after entry and are accompanied by large price decreases in the price of generic drugs …

charged to private payers after 1999. We find a downward trend in price for private pay patients in the 1990s and a rapid … the change in hospital market concentration. For example, the greatest price rises came from hospitals in monopoly and … cost increases due to the nursing staffing regulations are not large enough to account for the price increase, and the …

the price elasticity of demand for each observation and report the average price elasticity across all observations or … report the price elasticity of demand at the mean of the price variable. Policy makers rely on these average price elasticity … estimates for public health and revenue generation purposes. The use of an average price elasticity may yield misleading …