real consumption for a select group of nations in Europe and some large countries like China and Russia, but lower in most …

effects of the monetary policies of the US Federal Reserve, the European Central Bank and of the People's Bank of China on the …

How much has the US-China tariff war impacted economic outcomes in China? We address this question using high … grids with negligible direct exposure to the US tariffs accounted for up to 70% of China's population, we infer that the 2 … (manufacturing employment) relative to unaffected grids. By contrast, we do not find significant effects from China's retaliatory …

In 2018, the US launched a trade war with China, an abrupt departure from its historical leadership in integrating … global markets. By late 2019, the US had tariffed roughly $350 billion of Chinese imports, and China had retaliated on $100 …, China and other countries. This article reviews what we have learned to date from this work …

1980s, and, despite China's accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 2001, changed little throughout the late … the trade growth that followed China's WTO accession was a delayed response to previous reforms rather than a response to …

collaborated with scientists in China during 2010-2014 with those who collaborated with scientists in other countries outside the U … coincide with a decline in the productivity of scientists with previous collaborations with scientists in China, especially …-investigation NIH funding and U.S.-China collaborations. We also provide suggestive evidence that our findings matter for the aggregate …