We survey research on the relationship between technology and trade. We begin with the old literature, which treated … the state of technology as exogenous and asked how changes in technology affect the trade pattern and welfare. Recent … research and development. This allows one to examine not only how technology affects trade, but also how trade affects the …

know-how, while others were eventually realized by China alone using domestic technology. We find that receiving both …This paper studies the causal effect of technology and knowledge transfers on early industrial development. Between … 1950 and 1957, the Soviet Union supported the "156 Projects" in China for the construction of technologically advanced …

matters have received limited attention. In this paper, we study the impact of FDI via quid pro quo (technology for market … direct technology transfer via market transactions as alternative explanations. Analyses leveraging additional micro datasets …

ventures in China from 1998 to 2007--roughly a quarter of all international joint ventures in the world--we find, first, that … other Chinese firms. Second, there is substantial international technology transfer not only to the joint venture itself but … also to the Chinese joint venture partner firm. Third, with technology spillovers typically outweighing negative …

factor costs, China's economic geography as it influences trade costs, as well as the degree of regional diversity in … welfare effects resulting from new technology and lower trade costs. Domestic trade frictions turn out to be substantial, far … from technology improvements and trade cost reductions. We find, however, that an important explanation for why there was a …

Popular literature suggests a rapid narrowing of the technology gap between China and the U.S. based on large … (especially in sciences) in China in recent years. Little literature attempts to measure the technology gap directly using … the later reflect both differing factor endowments and technology parameters. This paper assesses changes in China …

Despite the recent rapid development and greater openness of China's economy, FDI flows between China and … technologically advanced countries are relatively small in both directions. We assess global capital flows in light of China's quid … pro quo policy of exchanging market access for transfers of technology capital--accumulated know-how such as research and …

China. First, China has a comparative advantage in this technology. It is substantially more likely to export surveillance …We document three facts about the global diffusion of surveillance AI technology, and in particular, the role played by … democracies are more likely to import surveillance AI from China. This bias is not observed in AI imports from the US or in …

differences defined by technology. In the aggregate time series relative unemployment is defined by educational unemployment … hiring and training response is quicker than the wage response. We also observe in time series that the pace of technology … technology, maturing of the workforce, and growth of international trade reduce unemployment in the longer run. The same …