infrastructure and institutions. Providing clean water and removing refuse requires water and sewer pipes, but the urban poor are … by a penalty-based system. We present a model that illustrates the complementarity between infrastructure and …

, consumption levels, infrastructure, literacy or population density through 2002. This finding suggests that local recovery from …

This paper shows that those low and middle income countries that use infrastructure inefficiently pay a growth penalty … in the form of a much smaller benefit from infrastructure investments. The magnitude of this penalty is apparent when the … these two regions can be attributed to the difference in effective use of infrastructure resources. At the same time, the …

While much economic policy presumes that more information infrastructure yields higher economic returns, little … optic cable, ISDN lines and signal seven software, infrastructure which plays an essential role in bringing digital … technology to local telephone networks. We estimate the elasticity of the derived demand for infrastructure investment faced by …

Is public sector infrastructure a key determinant of productivity? Traditional, project-based analyses of benefits and … costs typically do not find large rates of return. Proponents of infrastructure spending instead point to regression …-based analyses of the links between private productivity and public infrastructure that imply large productivity effects from public …