build as readily on the work of Chinese researchers, relative to the work of other foreign scientists, even in a setting … where Chinese scientists have long excelled …

scientists and engineers without asking whether the educational system provides that supply response necessary for these … illustrate the path not taken, the paper considers specific programs that could increase the numbers of scientists and engineers …

bias. Specifically, prior to accepting a specific job offer, many scientists receive multiple job offers, making it … possible to calculate the wage- Science curve for individual scientists, controlling for ability level. The methodology is … researcher fixed effects. The paper's conclusion, then, is that, conditional on scientific ability, scientists do indeed pay to …

for scientists related to defense such as physicists and aeronautical engineers. Because of the higher wages, conventional … scientists and engineers even for firms not receiving federal support, government funding directly crowds out private inventive …

star scientists and firms have a large positive impact on firms'" research productivity, increasing the average firm … there is little evidence of geographically localized knowledge spillovers. In early industry" formation, star scientists … firm scientists work" in the stars' university laboratories in contrast to America where the stars are more likely to work …

by the labor mobility of top scientists from universities and research institutes to firms. We model labor mobility as a …), potential interfering offers from universities, and experienced increase in productivity of top scientists already in firms … increases with increases in local firms commercializing the technology and the percentage of ties to scientists outside the …