recognizing greater risks and losses, can lead to solvency problems that look like liquidity (bank-run) crises. Regulatory …

Existing macroeconomic models focused on bank balance sheet lending are deficient because they do not account for the … investigate two increasingly significant margins of adjustment in credit markets: banks' ability to sell loans and shadow bank … following bank capital shock. Recovery is also faster, because profitable loan sales (e.g., securitization) allow banks to build …

Germany was divided after World War II, many firms in the machine tool industry fled the Soviet occupied zone to prevent … expropriation. We show that the regional location decisions of these firms upon moving to western Germany were driven by non … effects are due to increased competition for local resources …

has solved the entire problem.We test these models using a unique survey of bio-scientists in the UK and Germany regarding … competition and the importance of patents. In other respects they differ markedly. For example, large teams are more likely to …

-Neal Interstate Banking and Branching Efficiency Act of 1994 removed many of the restrictions on opening bank branches across state … lines. We interpret the Riegle-Neal act as lowering the cost of expanding a bank's funding base. In this paper, we build an …

This paper examines the impact of bank regulations, market structure, and national institutions on bank net interest … margins and overhead costs using data on over 1,400 banks across 72 countries while controlling for bank …-specific characteristics. The data indicate that tighter regulations on bank entry and bank activities boost the cost of financial …

of creating an oligopoly. We assembled a data set that compares bank failures, lending rates, interest paid on deposits …