Standard valuation methods do not lend themselves to bank holding companies. Banks create value through the types of …

Large bank holding companies (BHCs) are structured into intricate ownership hierarchies involving hundreds or even …

In China, local governments have actively contributed to the growth of new firms. In Russia, local governments have … behavior of local governments in Russia. First, capture by old firms, leading local governments to protect them from … present in China, but not in Russia. Transition in China has taken place under the tight control of the communist party. As a …

real consumption for a select group of nations in Europe and some large countries like China and Russia, but lower in most …

limiting exports to Russia. The economic intuition is that when Russians are unable to buy the mix of foreign goods they wish …

Recent sanctions on the use of Russia's international reserve assets seem likely to reduce the appeal of US dollar … investors that problematic countries will not confiscate their investments. The "collateral" motive for holding dollar reserves …