for women facing more restrictive social norms? We offered two days of business counseling to a random sample of customers … of India's largest women's bank. A random subsample was invited to attend with a friend. The intervention had a … were stronger among women from religious or caste groups with social norms that restrict female mobility …

We analyze the spatial determinants of female entrepreneurship in India in the manufacturing and services sectors. We … entrepreneurship relative to male entrepreneurship. We find evidence of agglomeration economies in both sectors, where higher female … incumbent conditions in 2000-2005. The results highlight that the traits of business owners in incumbent industrial structures …

Women enter retirement having spent fewer years in market work, earned less over their lifetimes, and worked in … many women end up with lower levels of retirement income in old age. We use the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), which … largely between nonmarried men and women. Multivariate models show that 85 percent of this retirement income gap can be …

particular implications for women's time use. In this paper, we document that current patterns of female time use in home … about women's time use in Africa. First, in North Africa, women spend very few hours in market work and female labor force … participation overall is extremely low. Second, although extensive margin participation of women is high in sub-Saharan Africa …

In this paper we examine the economic and family determinants of married women's retirement behavior. A model of wives …' retirement decisions is developed and tested empirically using data on working married women. Estimated response parameters are …

Single women in the U.S. dominated the female labor force from 1870 to 1920. Data on the home life and working … conditions of women in 1888 and 1907 enable the estimation of earnings functions. Work in the manufacturing sector for these … women was task oriented and payment was frequently by the piece. Earnings rose steeply with experience and peaked early …

women …

The ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920 officially granted voting rights to women across the United States …. However, many states extended full or partial suffrage to women before the federal amendment. In this paper, we discuss the … history of women's enfranchisement using an economic lens. We examine the demand-side, discussing the rise of the women …

. Training is potentially important in compensating for the effects of children, especially for women who left education after …

workloads. We show that the harsher grading policies in STEM courses disproportionately affect women. To show this, we estimate …