We document the representation of female economists on the conference programs at the NBER Summer Institute from 2001 …-track professors, but is ten percentage points lower than the share of women among assistant professors. Finally, within conference …

Stock prices react significantly to the tone (negativity of words) managers use on earnings conference calls. This …

that firms that "cast" their conference calls by disproportionately calling on bullish analysts tend to underperform in the …