Blended finance---the use of public and philanthropic funding to crowd in private capital---is a potential way to … private capital, little is known about this practice. In this paper, we provide a conceptual framework that formalizes the …

capital accumulation. We apply our framework to study the role of initial conditions, international trade, and internal … space, idea diffusion, and capital accumulation play an important role in understanding the process of spatial development …

Technological advance is often embodied in capital inputs. This paper develops a model where capital innovations occur … on two margins: (1) vertically, where a capital input becomes more productive at a given task; and (2) horizontally …, where a capital input replaces labor at a given task. These two forms of technological advance engage in a macroeconomic …