The largest commercial bank stocks, ranked by total size of the balance sheet, have significantly lower risk …-adjusted returns than small- and medium-sized bank stocks, even though large banks are significantly more levered. We uncover a size … factor in the component of bank returns that is orthogonal to the standard risk factors, including small-minus-big, which has …

We investigate whether a bank's performance during the 1998 crisis, which was viewed at the time as the most dramatic … crisis since the Great Depression, predicts its performance during the recent financial crisis. One hypothesis is that a bank …. Another hypothesis is that a bank's poor experience in a crisis is tied to aspects of its business model that are persistent …

By comparing uncollateralized business loans made by a big tech lending program with conventional bank loans, we find … far before maturity and borrow more frequently. These patterns remain for borrowers with access to bank credit. Our …

We examine the effect of negative nominal interest rates on bank profitability and behavior using a cross-country panel …