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A long-standing challenge for welfare economics is to develop welfare criteria that can be applied to allocations with different population levels. Such a criterion is essential to resolve the optimal population problem, i.e., the tradeoff between population size and the welfare of each person...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012496107
of benefit-cost analysis, utilitarianism, and prioritarianism in evaluating COVID-19-related policies. The relative … less aggressive control policies. Utilitarianism and prioritarianism, in that order, increasingly favor income … likely than utilitarianism or benefit-cost analysis to target young and socioeconomically disadvantaged individuals in the …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012496155
four simple models of fairness -utilitarianism, race-blind rules (RBRs), racial in-group bias, and belief …-based utilitarianism (BBU)-- and show that the latter two are inconsistent with major patterns in our data. Instead, we argue that a two …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013334453
This paper establishes that, far from being able to derive the principle of horizontal equity from utilitarianism, the … principle is actually in- consistent with utilitarianism in a variety of circumstances. We derive conditions under which (a) it … imposed on a set of otherwise identical individuals (ex ante randomization). The implications for optimal tax theory are …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012478424
individuals' moral intuitions. The essay then explores an alternative normative framework, dubbed the Just Deserts Theory …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012462806
believe utilitarianism to be insufficiently egalitarian. Second, utilitarianism does not give independent weight to other …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012473938
The public at large, many policymakers, and some economists hold views of social welfare that attach some importance to factors other than individuals' utilities. This note shows that any such non-individualistic notion of social welfare conflicts with the Pareto principle
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012471750
In this paper, we propose a new measure of horizontal equity that overcomes many of the shortcomings of previous proposed measures. Our starting point is the observation that a well-behaved social welfare function need not evaluate global' (vertical equity) differences in after-tax income using...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012471765
How does the sustainable level of consumption depend on productivity growth and the size and growth rate of the population? What is the effect of uncertainty over these growth rates? I address these questions using a model in which productivity and population growth are stochastic, and social...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013210047
We model visibility bias in the social transmission of consumption behavior. When consumption is more salient than non-consumption, people perceive that others are consuming heavily, and infer that future prospects are favorable. This increases aggregate consumption in a positive feedback loop....
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012479520