U.S. beef cattle stocks are among the most periodic time-series in economics. A theory of cattle cycles is constructed … the demographic structure of the herd to respond cyclically to exogenous shocks in demand for beef and in production costs … evolution of cattle stock and beef consumption. These compare very closely to structural econometric time-series estimates over …

British beef exports did not constitute a protectionist measure, while the US ban on Chilean fruit possibly classifies as such …