At a time of historic challenges to the viability of the Eurozone, we assess the contribution of the EU and the Euro to … between member countries whether or not members have also adopted the Euro. The Euro adoption as well as the anticipation of … the Euro adoption has minimal effects on market integration …

others used the gravity model on a much smaller data set to estimate the effects of the euro on trade among its members. The … that were estimated in the euro's first four years hold up in the second four years? The answer is yes. Second, and more … explanations for the gap between 15% and 200%. First, lags. The euro is still very young. Second, size. The European countries are …

This study grounds the establishment of EMU and the euro in the context of the history of international monetary … for a more expansive monetary policy. Such demands might arise in some parts or regions or countries of the euro area, but …

The creation of the euro should now be recognized as an experiment that has led to the sovereign debt crisis in several … exist in most Eurozone countries. Although the European Central Bank managed the euro in a way that achieved a low rate of …The emergence of these problems just a dozen years after the start of the euro in 1999 was not an accident or the …