What makes independent directors perform their monitoring duty? One possible reason is that they are worried about being sanctioned by regulators if they do not monitor sufficiently well. Using unique features of the Chinese financial market, we estimate the extent to which independent...

Extreme temperatures lead to large fluctuations in electricity demand and wholesale prices of electricity, which in turn affects the optimal production process for firms to use. Using a large international sample of planned power plant projects, we measure the way that electric utilities'...

Production inflexibility together with product price uncertainty creates price risk, which is a potentially important factor for firms' liquidity management. One industry for which price risk can be measured is the electricity producing industry. We use data on hourly electricity prices in 41...