, and more timely, availability of borrower credit records, as well as the greater ease of processing these may explain the …

banks in providing credit to smaller borrowers about whom information is least complete and, more generally, support the …

Most aggregate theories of financial frictions model credit available at a single cost of financing but rationed …. However, using a comprehensive firm-level credit registry, we document both high levels and high dispersion in credit spreads … external financing, dispersion has more profound impacts on aggregate development than single-price credit rationing and yields …

Using confidential regulatory firm-bank-loan level data from the U.S., we document four new facts about the credit … market. First, private SMEs typically utilize all available bank credit which comprises their entire balance sheet debt …, compared to large listed firms who can switch between corporate bonds and drawing from credit lines. Second, SMEs borrow …

Program (PPP), which was designed to support small business jobs during the COVID-19 pandemic. PPP loans were administered by … private lenders but federally guaranteed, largely eliminating unobservable credit risk as a factor in explaining differential … to show that the disparity is not primarily explained by differences in pre-existing bank or credit relationships, firm …

Information asymmetries are known in theory to lead to inefficiently low credit provision, yet empirical estimates of … to estimate welfare losses arising from asymmetric information in the market for online consumer credit. Building on … price distortions, we find only small overall welfare losses, particularly for high-credit-score borrowers …

larger loans based on prior performance is not efficient. Our results have important implications for credit expansion policy …We experimentally study the impact of substantially larger enterprise loans, in collaboration with an Egyptian lender …. Larger loans generate small average impacts, but machine learning using psychometric data reveals dramatic heterogeneity. Top …

includes income-contingent unemployment loans (ICL), where the amount repaid depends on the individual's future income. Such … loans can be financed by a risk premium imposed on the unemployed who avail themselves of the loans, and partially … optimal UB program and the magnitude of the incremental benefits from including income-contingent loans …

Collateral requirements play an important role in credit markets. This paper shows that the endowment effect …--the phenomenon where owing a good increases one's valuation of it--inhibits demand for loans which use a borrower's existing assets … as collateral. Using a field experiment in Kenya, we show that borrowers instead strongly prefer loans collateralized …