data from New York City, which assigns accountability grades to schools based on student achievement, I perform a … find that a lower accountability grade decreases teacher turnover and increases joining teachers' quality. A likely channel … is that accountability pressures induce increases in principal effort at lower-graded schools, especially among high …

transparency in fiscal transfer systems can increase accountability and reduce corruption in the implementation of a workfare …

more accountable than others. The relationship between elite identity and political accountability is complex and non … the British Crown. Consistent with the theory, we find evidence linking this to rising accountability of the islands …