, Japanese firms resembled U.S. multinationals. A Japanese parent's employment, given the level of its production, tends to be … similar to that of Swedish firms, but contrasts with that of U.S. firms. U.S. firms appear to reduce employment at home …-wage countries. We conclude that in Japanese firms and ancillary employment at home to service foreign operations outweighs any …

Base in Europe, would apportion a firm's worldwide profits using formulas based on the location of employment, capital or … income, since employment and other factors on which they are based do a very poor job of explaining a firm's profits. For … example, the magnitude of property, employment and sales explains less than 22 percent of the variation in profits between …

appreciation would likely cause a net employment decline in Chinese manufacturing industries of between 4.1% and 5.3%, and a wage …This paper uses a firm level multi-industry data set covering 456 Chinese manufacturing sectors to assess the … implications of Renminbi (RMB) real exchange rate appreciation for adjustments in employment and wage rates. We stress differences …

manufacturing abroad in a small number of corn-panies is largely a reflection of the concentration within the United States. The …