technologies which reduce the cost of pollution abatement. The innovating firm can patent this innovation and use a licensing fee … to generate revenue. In a world of certainty, the first best level of innovation and abatement can be supported by either … a pollution tax or a marketable permit. However, the returns to the innovator from innovation are not the same under the …

As an empirical example of this externality, we analyze the innovation induced by the obesity epidemic. Obesity is … associated with an increase in the incidence of many diseases. The induced innovation hypothesis is that an increase in the … incidence of a disease will increase technological innovation specific to that disease. The empirical economics literature has …

the social benefits of their innovations if innovation is to be suitably rewarded and encouraged. However, this paper … deadweight loss associated with the patent system and discourage innovation by others. Economic efficiency is promoted if rewards … the patent system designed to spur innovation by better aligning the rewards and contributions of patent holders …

externalities for HCV-negative patients during this period …

This paper examines the regulation of technological innovation direction under uncertainty about potential harms. We …

We examine the role of consumption externalities in the demand for pharmaceuticals at both the brand level and over a … equations describing the dynamic adjustment process. We find that consumption externalities influence both valuations and rates …

capital gain position of the fund. This paper's simulations show that these externalities are important determinants of the …

externalities', an increase in the size of the market brings forth additional products valued by others with similar tastes. But who … benefits whom? We examine the patterns of and mechanisms for preference externalities between black and white and between … preference externalities are large and positive within groups, they are small and possibly negative across groups. For example …

This paper discusses the environmental externalities that are commonly found in the developing world (the environmental …