attributable to the endogeneity of school and residential choice. In addition, Black schools' funding and staffing decisions were … made rather arbitrarily by a White government that was at best indifferent to the needs of Black schools. Large differences … in pupil/teacher ratios developed between Black schools, differences much larger than those observed in the United States …

using data where class size variations are truly exogenous. Second, Catholic schools have large classes and better … function that maps the substitution of discipline for class size, which may explain why Catholic schools, with large classes …, out-perform public schools. The same technology also implies that class size effects are larger for problem children than …

The effect of interracial contact in public schools on the enrollment of whites has been an important concern in … mixed public schools -- could undermine the racial contact that desegregation policy seeks to enhance. This study examines … racial composition and enrollment in all schools and school districts in 238 metropolitan areas. The study finds that white …

public schools of non-Democratic winners also relatively increase, but this effect is driven by changing student composition …

2010 Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act. Under the CEP, participating schools offer free lunch to all students. We leverage both … the staggered roll-out and eligibility criterion for the CEP, which is limited to schools where at least 40% of students …

from households with different parental characteristics. Our data suggests that secondary schools were closed for in …-person learning for longer periods than elementary schools (implying that younger children experienced less school closures than older … children), and that private schools experienced shorter closures than public schools, and schools in poorer U.S. counties …