We develop a simple two-sector dynamic model to examine the effects of international trade in the presence of pollution …-created cross- sectoral production externalities. We assume that the production of 'Smokestack' manufactures generates pollution … is non-convex. Pollution provides a motive for trade, since trade can spatially separate incompatible industries. Two …

indicates that strengthening a country's institutions decreases its pollution through relocating dirty industries abroad, though … increases pollution in other countries. Fifth, cross-country differences in the composition of output between clean and dirty … countries have relatively high pollution levels …

public or private citizen appeals treatments when they violate pollution standards. There are three main findings. First …, public appeals to the regulator through social media substantially reduce violations and pollution emissions, while private … appeals increases regulatory effort, suggesting visibility as an important mechanism. Third, treatment pollution reductions …

dependence on expensive wholesale funding and grow further. To rationalize these patterns we propose a theory of multi …-branch banks that sort into heterogeneous locations. Our theory yields two forms of sorting. First, span-of-control sorting …

forced labor income as capital. The regional distribution of wealth and the effects of the Civil war appear very different if … capital accumulation. Among others, we find that counties with a higher share of enslaved property before the Civil War or …

The magnitude and the direction of net international capital flows does not fit neo-classical models. The 50 U ….S. states comprise an integrated capital market with very low barriers to capital flows, which makes them an ideal testing … capital and find that capital flows between the U.S. states are consistent with the model. Therefore, the small size and …