fluctuations in rainfall to capture the exogenous variation in trade between Germany, France, the U.K., and the Ottoman Empire …

higher in France than in the United States, and noticeably lower in the United Kingdom (by roughly 10%) and even lower in … Japan (30%), while TFP levels are very close in France, the United Kingdom and the United States, but much lower (40%) in … to France and Japan, a relative decline that was interrupted by the second world war (WW2); (iii) the remarkable catching …

of two large firms: the South Sea Company in Great Britain and the Mississippi Company in France. In this paper we …

an improved current account). France's decision to suspend the free coinage of silver in 1876 played a paramount role in … France's decision to end bimetallism was exogenous from the viewpoint of countries on the silver standard. To deal with …

How did Britain sustain faster rates of economic growth than comparable European countries, such as France, during the … innovation network using patent data from Britain and France in the late-18th and early-19th century. We show that the network … quantify the implications for technology growth rates in Britain compared to France. Our results indicate that the shape of the …