existence of agglomeration economies, which exist when productivity rises with density, but estimating the magnitude of those …

productivity sort across city sizes and select into exporting. The model allows us to study the geographic implications of trade … raises not only the aggregate productivity of the economy but also its aggregate export intensity, by allowing more firms to …

areas the paper estimates a city productivity relationship, based on city GDP numbers for 1990-97. The effects of access …, educational attainment, FDI, and public infrastructure on productivity are estimated. Worker productivity is shown to be an …

offers no direct evidence of how productivity gains from agglomeration compare with higher costs of production. This paper … aims to shed light on the balance between local productivity and local costs in science. Using a novel dataset, we estimate … scientists in each area. We then compare these costs with estimates of the corresponding productivity benefits of more scientist …

There is a strong connection between per worker productivity and metropolitan area population, which is commonly …