through women, as in matrilineal kinship systems, or men, as in patrilineal kinship systems. Anthropologists hypothesized that … matrilineal kinship systems benefit women because they have greater support from their kin and husbands have less authority over … OLS and a geographic regression discontinuity design along the matrilineal belt in Africa. Using over 50 DHS survey …

. India has the largest proportion of missing adult women who are without a husband, followed by the countries in East Africa … women in developing countries face particularly severe vulnerabilities, so that excess mortality faced by the unmarried is … more extreme for women in these regions compared to developed countries. We provide systematic estimates of the excess …

treatment of HIV/AIDS. Many supply- and demand-side factors in sub-Saharan Africa could cause smaller than expected …-based triple difference specification, we find that local ART introduction increased the weight of high HIV likelihood adult women … health in sub-Saharan Africa are surmountable …

We investigate women's underrepresentation among holders of commercialized patents: only 5.5% of holders of such … patents are female. Using the National Survey of College Graduates 2003, we find only 7% of the gap is accounted for by women …'s lower probability of holding any science or engineering degree, because women with such a degree are scarcely more likely to …

-owned establishments employed more women and paid women higher wages, creating a potential cycle between increased female business … ownership and increased female labor market participation. Female-owned establishments concentrated in sub-industries like women … from other women in the Population Census …

We study the impact of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) on the quality of entrepreneurship in China. Using long series of … improved the quality of entrepreneur- ship. Compared with entrepreneurs in other time periods, firms founded by the reluctant … entrepreneurs induced by the SOE layoffs have better performances. To explain these results, we present a simple model of …

The paper studies the factors which shape entrepreneurship among young adults. It finds, using data on a British birth …

We estimate differences in innovation behavior between foreign versus U.S.-born entrepreneurs in high-tech industries …. Our data come from the Annual Survey of Entrepreneurs, a random sample of firms with detailed information on owner …

discontinuity in Finland that allows certain entrepreneurs not to pay social insurance contributions on their income. Using rich … administrative data, we find that relaxing the social insurance mandate leads entrepreneurs to significantly reduce their …