Arora, Ashish; Belenzon, Sharon; Cioaca, Larisa C.; … - National Bureau of Economic Research - 2023
We study the relationships between corporate R&D and three components of public science: knowledge, human capital, and … established firms, which account for more than three-quarters of business R&D, is affected by scientific knowledge produced by … innovation in firms. However, inventions from universities and public research institutes substitute for corporate inventions and …