bank funding costs. We show that credit supply is dampened by the associated debt-overhang cost to bank shareholders. Until … offset if drawdowns are expected to be left on deposit at the same bank, which happened at some of the largest banks during …

bank approval disparity is also larger in more racially biased counties. We conclude that insofar as automation by fintechs …

Our research examines the impact of dwindling community bank numbers on community investment and economic development …) originations. Key factors include the local presence of other community banks and the continuity of the consolidating bank …'s presence. Interestingly, the effect remains neutral in underserved or distressed counties and diminishes when a large bank …

COVID-19 pandemic shock. We argue that tighter bank regulation has created incentives for nonbanks to increase their …

The traditional model of bank-led financial intermediation, where banks issue demandable deposits to savers and make …% to 13%. Additionally, the share of loans as a percentage of bank assets has fallen from 70% to 55%. We develop a …, and changes in implicit subsidies and costs of bank activities can explain these shifts. Declines in securitization cost …

Bank branch density, defined as the number of bank branches to total deposits, has significantly declined over the past …

locations of large-bank branches have demographics typically associated with greater financial sophistication, large-bank …