We identify "first generation" statistics to measure offshoring as the share of imported intermediate inputs in costs … demand and relative wages due to offshoring. A limitation of these statistics is that they cannot be used to measure the … impact on real wages, and for that purpose, we need price-based measures of offshoring. More recently, "second generation …

reshoring or offshoring. When the demand elasticity rises with price, two policy instruments generally are needed to achieve …

Does the offshoring of production degrade or enhance the innovative capabilities of manufacturing firms? We contribute … products to China. We find causal evidence that offshoring impacts both the level and nature of innovation. In the technologies … evidence of a second-order positive effect of offshoring on the levels of innovation--particularly product innovation--in other …

than 2000 models of 197 car brands headquartered in 23 countries. While offshoring in the car industry has risen from 2000 … to 2016, the top five offshoring brands account for half the car assembly relocated to low-wage countries. We show that …

U.S. manufacturing employment. Our findings suggest that offshoring by multinationals was a key driver of the observed …

debate: multinational firms faced with visa constraints have an offshoring option, namely, hiring the labor they need at … desired effects of increasing employment of natives, but rather have the effect of offshoring jobs. Combining visa data and …

This paper exploits a unique offshoring survey to show that firms continue domestic production of the same goods they …. Firms' reactions also motivate a new offshoring measure - produced- good imports - that is readily observed in most firm …