The distance between small firms and their lenders in the United States is increasing. Not only are firms choosing more … increased lending at a distance. Consistent with such an explanation, distant firms no longer have to be observably the highest …

distance that families must travel from home in order to reach the nearest social service agency that administers the subsidy …

semiparametric estimates of our geographic- distance functions. We find that: i) Geographic space matters even after conditioning on …

the effect of distance, distinct from any border effect. Export destinations tend to be further than domestic destinations … that varies with distance, holding fixed the border, and a term that varies with the border, holding fixed the distance …. The distance term accounts for more than half of the overall difference …

In this paper, we investigate time-dependent border and distance effects in the nineteenth century and document clear … that researchers might have correctly identified the increasing effect of distance on bilateral trade over time. In other …

of LOP deviations is lower for goods with less frequent price adjustment after controlling for the distance separating … quantify the separate roles of nominal rigidities and trade costs (proxied by distance) in generating LOP variability. Our … estimates suggest that the distance equivalent of nominal rigidities can be as large as the `width' of the border typically …

consistent with externalities that fall exponentially with distance. In particular, we estimate that housing externalities …

theoretically that since trade costs are proportional to weight rather than value, relative distance affects local comparative … product, China's export unit values should be increasing in distance. We find strong support for this effect in our empirical …