In Japan, the manufacturing has become geographically dispersed in the 1990s, when the import share has risen after the historic exchange rate appreciation. As is consistent with the interpretation that import penetration undermines regional input-output linkages, our regressions detect the...

This paper estimates the Rybczynski equation matrix for the twenty two-digit U.S." manufacturing industries for various years between 1880 and 1987. As predicted by the standard" general equilibrium theory of interregional trade, the regression estimates show that a consistent" set of factor...

Mortality was extremely high in the industrial cities of the 19th century, but little is known about the role played by pollution in generating this pattern, due largely to a lack of direct pollution measures. I overcome this problem by combining data on the local composition of industries in...

"This volume draws from the International Social Security project, which commenced more than two decades ago and which compares the social security and retirement experience in twelve developed countries. Both men and women are remaining longer in the workforce and this volume documents trends...

This volume presents the fourth phase of the project. An analysis and country-by-country comparison of the effects of social security incentives on retirement behavior in Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, The Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, the UK, and the United States.