worked and tax rates in three sets of economies: the US, Continental Europe and Scandinavia. While tax rates are highest in … Scandinavia, hours worked in Scandinavia are significantly higher than they are in Continental Europe. I argue that differences in …

worked in Europe decline by almost 45% compared to the US over this period. This change is almost an order of magnitude … mid 1970s. Third, the decline in hours worked in Europe is almost entirely accounted for by the fact that Europe develops …

the U.S. and Europe. Another popular view is that these differences are explained by long-standing European "culture," but … the U.S. and Europe. These policies do not seem to have increased employment, but they may have had a more society …

substantial and persistent negative effects of source country fertility on the labor supply of female immigrants except when we …

and older immigrants. I divide new immigrants, older immigrants, and natives into distinct skill groups and focus on skill …-group-specific outcomes within cities. An important first question is" whether inflows of new immigrants lead to outflows of natives or …-city migration flows of natives and older immigrants are largely" unaffected by new immigrant inflows. Inflows of new immigrants are …

In this paper, we document the importance of high-skilled immigration for U.S. employment in STEM fields. To begin, we … previous highs. Next, we consider the importance of immigrant labor to STEM employment. Immigrants account for a … earnings parity with natives; in STEM fields, they achieve parity in less than a decade …