trillion dollars in direct military costs. I review the history of cost forecasts for these ongoing engagements, highlighting … the implications of the war costs themselves. Besides the unanticipated length and breadth of the military conflicts … themselves, a related and equally important component of costs is the life cycle of costs associated with caring for veterans …

This paper attempts to provide a more complete reckoning of the costs of the Iraq War, using standard economic and …, and the CBO's estimates put the projected total direct costs at around $500bn. These figures, however, greatly … underestimate the War's true costs. We estimate a range of present and future costs, by including expenditures not in the $500bn CBO …

differentials. In particular, absenteeism and misconduct episodes are substantially more prevalent in the south. We consider a …

ready-made garment factories. We focus on how relational contracts help managers cope with worker absenteeism shocks, which … least likely to reflect relational borrowing responses to idiosyncratic absenteeism shocks. Counterfactual simulations … reveal large gains to reducing costs associated with forming and maintaining additional relationships among managers …

jobs. Job complexity has no discernible effect on absenteeism. Matching better educated workers to more complex jobs … affects neither absenteeism nor quit propensity. Thus it appears that experimental evidence suggesting that job enlargement …

absenteeism remains scant due to difficulties with identification. In this paper, we use uniquely detailed data on the timing … a major cause of absenteeism among teachers, we find no evidence that poor health also causes lower on …

Ichino and Moretti (2009) find that menstruation may contribute to gender gaps in absenteeism and earnings, based on … evidence that absences of young female Italian bank employees follow a 28-day cycle. We analyze absenteeism of teachers and … find no evidence of increased female absenteeism on a 28-day cycle. We also show that the evidence of 28-day cycles in the …