, Education, and Other Services are among the most affected sectors. The jobs at risk due to COVID-19 related SME business …We estimate the impact of the COVID-19 crisis on business failures among small and medium size enterprises (SMEs) in … aggregate supply, productivity, and demand shocks. We estimate a large increase in the failure rate of SMEs under COVID-19 of …

This paper assesses the prospects of a 2021 time bomb in SME failures triggered by the generous support policies … enacted during the 2020 COVID-19 crisis. Policies implemented in 2020, on their own, do not create a 2021 "time-bomb" for SMEs …. Rather, business failures and policy costs remain modest. By contrast, credit contraction poses a significant risk. Such a …

We develop a model of pandemic risk management and firm valuation. We introduce aggregate transmission shocks into an … epidemic model and link valuations to infections via an asset-pricing framework with vaccines. Infections lower earnings growth …

risk, a value that GNI fails to capture. In this paper we use findings from that literature to generate an estimate of …

level. First, we estimate the impact of COVID-19 and policy responses on small and medium sized enterprise (SME) business …. We find: (a) Absent government support, the failure rate of SMEs would have increased by 9 percentage points …