Cash transfers to families with children are increasingly being restricted to parents who work, while families of non … empirical evidence regarding the effects of in-kind and cash transfer program on the children who are their intended … children. Although the evidence is incomplete, it suggests that in- kind programs have stronger effects on children than cash …

investments in children, starting from encouraging pre-natal and maternal care and early childhood health interventions and … children age 7-15 who are not enrolled in school. Wage labor for 13-15 year olds was reduced by at least one-third. We also …

needs, money on hand, use of friends and family for assistance, and employment) of families and children with very low … Child Tax Credit (CTC), which provided monthly, unconditional cash payments to families with children from July to December …

, which results in families of otherwise similar children receiving substantially different refunds during the first year of … first child leads to persistent increases in family income that likely contribute to the downstream effects on children …

pandemic payments varied by marital status and the number of children in the household and were substantial with some families … children (parity). Estimates indicate that these pandemic cash payments had no statistically significant, or clinically or …

capital of their children. We provide new evidence on the long-term (10-year) effects of cash transfers using data from … Ecuador. Our analysis is based on two separate sources of data and two identification strategies. First, we extend the results … from an experiment that randomly assigned children under the age of 6 years to "early" or "late" treatment groups. Although …