This paper examines whether increased background mortality risks induce households to make differential health … investments in their high- versus low-endowment children. We argue that increases in background mortality risks may … disproportionately affect the survival of the low-endowment sibling, consequently increasing the mortality gap between the high- and low …

poor health of young slave children. The sources of deprivation can be traced to the fetal period. The slave work routine …

on health, including infant mortality, life expectancy, and morbidity by age 20 …This paper provides estimates of the long-term effects on height and health of a large income shock experienced in … regional variation in the timing of this shock to identify its effects. We examine the effects on the adult height, health, and …

health, there is more inequality in the world than if we consider income alone. Such international inequalities in life … hope that economic growth will improve people's health as well as their material living conditions. I argue that the … poverty reduction, there is no evidence that it will deliver automatic health improvements in the absence of appropriate …

to provide novel evidence on economic inequality in infant and maternal health. We find that birth outcomes vary non … birth weight and preterm birth than those in the bottom ventile. However, unlike birth outcomes, infant mortality varies …---have a death rate that is half that of infants of parents in the bottom ventile. When studying maternal health, we find a …

The contribution of cigarette smoking to national health expenditures is thought to be large, but our current … model of smoking and medical care use that highlights two forms of selection: selective mortality and non-random cessation … smokers from merged National Health Interview Survey and Medicare claims information. Consistent with our theory, we find that …

Has U.S. health care for the elderly become more equitable during the past several decades? When inequality is measured … their intrinsic shortcomings; expenditures depend on preferences, health status, and prices, while outcomes are strongly … affected by health behavior and past illness. We suggest a new approach to measuring inequality: the use of quality …

consumption. We investigate whether an aggregate health production function can help to explain the substantial fluctuations in … the rate of increase in longevity since 1960. We view longevity as the output of the health production function, and … models using annual U.S. time-series data on life expectancy, health expenditure, and medical innovation. Reliable annual …

winds increases infant and child mortality. Health investments respond to dust exposure, consistent with compensating … behaviors. Despite these efforts, surviving children still exhibit negative health impacts. Our data allow us to investigate …-level measures of macroeconomic conditions and health resources, we find suggestive evidence that both economic development and …

birth weight babies increased by roughly $40,000 per birth between 1950 and 1990. The health improvements resulting from … this have been substantial. Infant mortality rates fell by 72 percent over this time period, largely due to improved care …