We examine the correlation between gender and bureaucratic corruption using two distinct datasets, one from Italy and a … second from China. In each case, we find that women are far less likely to be investigated for corruption than men. In our … Italian data, female procurement officials are 34 percent less likely than men to be investigated for corruption by …

bureaucracy in place of political appointees as an important component of the institutional environment in which private … corruption of their subordinates as a byproduct of their efforts to implement their preferences using tax revenue. Within this …

arise when monitoring corruption is difficult relative to monitoring the provision of public services, and politically …-important groups of citizens do not bear the full cost of corruption. The existence of such systems can distort the effective incidence … of the tax burden, reduce the incentives of government to fight corruption, and legitimize bribe-taking …

Corruption is a widespread phenomenon in many developing and transitional economies. China is a country in profile both … in the prevalence of corruption, and in its attempts to root out corruption. The recent anti-corruption campaign in China …. It has had lasting impact on the functioning of the Chinese bureaucracy, and on the behavior of firms and consumers. It …

Bureaucratic quality in terms of the level of corruption varies widely across countries, and is in general slow to …. In this paper, we study the possibility that quality of bureaucracy may be an important structural determinant of open … that delivers such a result. Bureaucratic corruption translates into reduced ability by the government to collect tax …

Although the theoretical literature on corruption is well developed, empirical work in this area has lagged because it … has proven difficult to isolate corrupt behavior in the data. In this paper, we look for evidence of corruption in an … stables play a role in facilitating the corruption. In times of increased media scrutiny, the match rigging disappears …

This paper offers a new interpretation of the connection between openness and good governance. Assuming that corruption … display lower corruption in equilibrium. In data, naturally more open economies' do exhibit less corruption even after taking …

Corruption and imperfect contract enforcement dramatically reduce trade. This paper estimates the reduction, using a …