,786 public corporations, and measures of both patent quality and patent value, we find that, while average invention value rises … with size, average invention quality declines, suggesting, per our model, that the large firm advantage is not due to …

century. In addition to the funding agency, the data report whether the government has title to the patent ("title" patents …) or funded a patent assigned to a private organization ("license" patents). The data include a large number of "license …" patents that cannot be linked to government funding from patent text or other sources. Combining the historical data with …

success of the invention. Prize-oriented institutions thus appear to be less systematic and not as market-oriented as patent …Such institutions as patent systems cannot be well understood without an assessment of technological creativity in … unpredictable, and was unrelated to such proxies for the productivity of the innovation as inventive capital or the commercial …

' existing patent portfolios' potential exposure to the Alice decision. While all affected firms decrease patenting post …-Alice, we find an unequal impact of decreased patent protection. Large affected firms benefit as their sales and market …

startup advantage in terms of forward citations and outlier-patent rates. Further, startup innovation is both more original …

We document political sentiment effects on US inventors. Democratic inventors are more likely to patent (relative to …