We exploit an unanticipated labor market reform in 2012 Spain to estimate the effects of pro-cyclical changes in long …

. Employers and employees can also negotiate firm-specific contracts. We use a large matched employer-employee data set from Spain …

childhood (family income and poverty measures, family characteristics including parental education, and child characteristics …

rural incomes in China. Current literature based on analyses of rural income volatility in China decomposes poverty into … poverty gap attributable to mean income over time being below the poverty line. Resulting estimates of 40-50 % transient … poverty point to the policy conclusion that poverty may be a less serious social problem than it appears in annual data due to …

The paper provides new measures of global poverty that take seriously the idea of relative-income comparisons but also … acknowledge a deep identification problem when the latent norms defining poverty vary systematically across countries. Welfare … model of relative-income comparisons calibrated to data on national poverty lines. Both bounds indicate falling global …

Longstanding development issues are revisited in the light of our newly-constructed dataset of poverty measures for … India spanning 60 years, including 20 years since reforms began in earnest in 1991. We find a downward trend in poverty … measures since 1970, with an acceleration post-1991, despite rising inequality. Faster poverty decline came with both higher …