together, China's overseas bailouts correspond to more than 20 percent of total IMF lending over the past decade and bailout …

lender side (i.e., the anticipation that the taxpayer will bailout lending banks if large default will occur) and sovereign … increase with the expected bailout. Such a policy induces the lender to internalize the expected tax payer cost of the bailout …. Thus a more generous bailout that is accompanied by an optimal adjustment in the lender's reserve requirements exactly …

optimal bailout policy in the presence of this "doom loop". Rescuing banks with high domestic sovereign exposure is optimal if … these banks are sufficiently central in the network, even though that requires larger bailout expenditures than rescuing low …

competitors as the firms leaving the market. We quantify these effects in the case of the 1984 bailout of timber companies that … faced substantial losses on existing federal timber contracts. We predict that the bailout substantially increased sale … prices in subsequent auctions because firms that might have might have been induced to enter without the bailout tended to …

policy is non-targeted. The ex post benefits from a monetary bailout accrue in proportion to the number amount of leverage … bailout instruments is endogenous and characterize the structure of optimal bailouts …

Time-inconsistency of no-bailout policies can create incentives for banks to take excessive risks and generate …