about the purpose of a trade agreement in a pre-digital model world economy, and how this purpose can be seen to be … services respectively. Finally, I introduce digital trade into the model world economy and revisit the purpose of a trade …

"Firms in Africa report "regulatory and economic policy uncertainty" as a top constraint to their growth. We argue that … often firms in Africa do not cope with policy rules, rather they face deals; firm-specific policy actions that can be … uncorrelated with ex-post firm-level responses, further evidence that deals rather than rules prevail in Africa. Strikingly, the …

Manufacturing has made an important contribution to raising living standards in many parts of the world. Concerns about … Africa. But employment in African manufacturing has grown rapidly over the past 20 years. These employment gains have been … (iii) robust labor productivity growth in Africa's large firms. Limited employment growth in Africa's large manufacturing …

about women's time use in Africa. First, in North Africa, women spend very few hours in market work and female labor force … participation overall is extremely low. Second, although extensive margin participation of women is high in sub-Saharan Africa …

We examine intergenerational mobility (IM) in educational attainment in Africa since independence, using census data …

I assess the efficiency of transport networks for every country in Africa. Using rich spatial data, I simulate trade … road system for every African state. My simulations predict that Africa would gain 1.1% of total welfare from better …

-Saharan Africa. We study the first randomized controlled trial of a government-implemented input subsidy program (ISP) in Africa. A …