incarceration rates among black men in recent decades combined with the sharp drop in black employment rates during the Great … only a few years after the Civil Rights Act of 1965. A move toward more punitive treatment of arrested offenders drove … prison growth in recent decades, and this trend is evident among arrested offenders in every major crime category. Changes in …

's criminal justice system, offering new insights into how incarceration affects subsequent crime and employment. We construct a … reduction extends beyond incapacitation. Incarceration decreases the probability an individual will reoffend within 5 years by … shows positive associations between incarceration and subsequent criminal behavior. This sharp contrast suggests the high …

deleterious effects. We study the effects on incarceration when prisoners are primarily used as a source of labor using evidence … estimates on the value of colonial prison labor and the effects of labor demand shocks on incarceration. We find that prison …. Positive economic shocks increased incarceration rates over the colonial period. This result is reversed in the postcolonial …

This paper estimates effects of increases in incarceration length on employment and earnings prospects of individuals … using instrumental variables for incarceration length based on randomly assigned judges with different sentencing … propensities. The results show no consistent evidence of adverse labor market consequences of longer incarceration length using any …

This paper analyzes the employment prospects of former prison inmates and reviews recent evaluations of reentry … programs that either aim to improve employment among the formerly incarcerated or aim to reduce recidivism through treatment … interventions centered on employment. I present an empirical portrait of the U.S. prison population and prison releases using …

rationed to only some offenders; and some institutional features (such as bad prison conditions) convert ideological …

the labor market outcomes of ex-offenders and non-offenders. Employers express a strong aversion to hiring ex-offenders … adversely affect the labor market outcomes of ex-offenders. A model of statistical discrimination also predicts that non-offenders … the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth. I find evidence that labor market outcomes are worse for ex-offenders once …