In this study, we examined the association between girls' participation in high school sports and the physical activity …, weight, body mass and body composition of adolescent females during the 1970s when girls' sports participation was … dramatically increasing as a result of Title IX. We found that increases in girls' participation in high school sports, a proxy for …

rents flow to women's sports and other men's sports and lead to increased spending on facilities, coaches' salaries, and … other athletic department personnel. Using complete roster data for every student-athlete playing sports at these schools in … collective bargaining agreements in professional sports leagues as a benchmark. We also discuss how our results help understand …

therapies and crime rates. We describe recent trends in crime and review the evidence showing mental illness as a clear risk … pharmaceutical therapies for the treatment of mental illness which diffused during the "great American crime decline." We examine … limited international data, as well as more detailed American data to assess the relationship between crime rates and rates of …

Strong sentences are common "tough on crime" tool used to reduce the incentives for individuals to participate in … participating in crime may adjust. I use California's Three Strikes law to identify several effects of a large increase in the … combined with the high cost of violent crime relative to non-violent crime implies that Three Strikes may not be a cost …

media violence affects violent crime in the field. We exploit variation in the violence of blockbuster movies from 1995 to … 2004, and study the effect on same-day assaults. We find that violent crime decreases on days with larger theater audiences … the audience for violent movies reduces violent crime by 1.1 to 1.3 percent. After exposure to the movie, between 12AM and …