This paper reports the results of a survey of over 1500 employees who faced compulsory reductions of 10 percent in …

general features of organizational change in manufacturing firms with more than 50 employees. In a first section, we explore …

We analyze a large-scale survey of owners, managers, and employees of small businesses in the United States to …

This study empirically investigates the value employees place on stock options using information from the option … exercise behavior of individuals. Employees hold options for another period if the value from holding them and reserving the … information about the value to employees of holding options another time period. We show the parameters of this model are …

A distinct feature of MNCs is a three-tier organizational structure: foreign managers (FMs) supervise domestic managers …

, labor and "managers", each with a distribution of ability levels. Production combines a manager of some type with a group of …

across organizations. A remaining question, however, is whether it is managers themselves or firm-wide management practices … this setting, managers move between stores but management practices are set by firm policy and largely fixed, allowing us … to hone in on managers' personal roles in determining store performance. We find: (i) managers affect and explain a large …

managers. Employment relations can be either tough (where workers are monitored intensively and obtain few rents, and managers … workplace favor exchange). Both workers and managers also exert effort in providing community benefits. The threat of losing … access to community benefits can motivate managers to keep employment soft; conversely, the threat of losing future …

mentoring treatment had three additional pre-tenure coauthors, 1.6 more pre-tenure publications and 43 additional citations to …