individuals and the prevailing unemployment rate in the country impact perceptions of the effectiveness of democracy. We find that … personal joblessness experience translates into negative opinions about the effectiveness of democracy and it increases the … that democracies are ineffective, regardless of joblessness. People's beliefs about the effectiveness of democracy as …

. This study also presents empirical evidence from a laboratory experiment in which students at a selective college were …

Many U.S. students arrive on college campus lacking the skills expected for college-level work. As state leaders seek … course requirements. Tennessee has taken a novel approach by allowing students to complete their remediation requirements in … the first year of college and allowed students to earn a modest 4.5 additional college credits by their second year. We …

This paper is the first to explore the effects of school accountability systems on high-achieving students' long … basic skills apparently led to generally reduced performance by high-achieving students, while an accountability system … other technical subjects. Both types of systems are associated with increased "cramming" by students in college. The results …

We evaluate the effects of academic achievement awards for first and second-year college students on a Canadian … 70 for second-year students, but there was no significant effect on overall GPA. Results are somewhat stronger for a …

students living in public housing communities where the program was offered to those living in communities where the program …

-term incentives to reinforce a minimum degree of mandatory participation. The program began in 2001 for entering Grade 9 students … projects. In all three locations, participation rates quickly rose, to more than 85 percent, even though parents and students … were required to commit in writing to conditions and high expectations of the program. Comparing students from other …

-message coaching program - in a sample of over 3,000 undergraduate students at a large Canadian university. Supplementing … program effects on students' non-academic outcomes, despite estimating null effects on course grades and credit accumulation …

This paper uses a new administrative dataset of students at a large university matched to courses and instructors to … interest outcomes. Student fixed effects, time of day and week controls, and the fact that first year students have little …'s influence on students while objective characteristics such as rank and salary do not. Whether an instructor teaches full-time or …

the academic outcomes of both high school and college students. These programs are often costly to implement and difficult … contrast, interventions that rely on technology to maintain low-touch contact with students can be implemented at large scale … students. We work with a sample of over four thousand undergraduate students from a large Canadian university, randomly …