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Measuring the Value of a Statistical Life: Problems and Prospects
Ashenfelter, Orley - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2006
Tradeoffs between monetary wealth and fatal safety risks are summarized in the value of a statistical life (VSL), a measure that is widely used for the evaluation of public policies in medicine, the environment, and transportation safety. This paper demonstrates the widespread use of this...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005718596
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Using Mandated Speed Limits to Measure the Value of a Statistical Life
Ashenfelter, Orley; Greenstone, Michael - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2002
In 1987 the federal government permitted states to raise the speed limit on their rural interstate roads, but not on their urban interstate roads, from 55 mph to 65 mph for the first time in over a decade. Since the states that adopted the higher speed limit must have valued the travel hours...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005714769
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Estimating the Value of a Statistical Life: The Importance of Omitted Variables and Publication Bias
Ashenfelter, Orley; Greenstone, Michael - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2004
In this paper we show that omitted variables and publication bias lead to severely biased estimates of the value of a …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005575852
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The Long-term Effects of Early Lead Exposure: Evidence from a case of Environmental Negligence
Rau, Tomás; Reyes, Loreto; Urzúa, Sergio S. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2013
This paper estimates the effect of early lead exposure on academic achievement and adult earnings. We analyze longitudinal information from individuals attending primary and secondary schools in the city of Arica (in northern Chile). Between 1984 and 1989, Arica received more than 20,000 tons of...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010969226
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The Role of Publication Selection Bias in Estimates of the Value of a Statistical Life
Viscusi, W Kip - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2014
Meta-regression estimates of the value of a statistical life (VSL) controlling for publication selection bias yield … bias-corrected estimates of VSL that are higher for labor market studies using the more recent Census of Fatal Occupational … of the variable used to capture publication bias effects. Meta-regression estimates for a large sample of VSL estimates …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011212818
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The Mortality Cost to Smokers
Viscusi, W Kip; Hersch, Joni - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2007
This article estimates the mortality cost of smoking based on the first labor market estimates of the value of statistical life by smoking status. Using these values in conjunction with the increase in the mortality risk over the life cycle due to smoking, the value of statistical life by age...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005084583
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The Insurance Value of Medical Innovation
Lakdawalla, Darius; Malani, Anup; Reif, Julian - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2015
Economists think of medical innovation as a valuable but risky good, producing health benefits but increasing financial risk. This perspective overlooks how innovation can lower physical risks borne by healthy patients facing the prospect of future disease. We present an alternative framework...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011201890
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Cleaning the Bathwater with the Baby: The Health Co-Benefits of Carbon Pricing in Transportation
Knittel, Christopher R.; Sandler, Ryan - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2011
net social costs of carbon pricing are significantly less than previous thought. The bias arises from the fact that the …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009278242
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Moving to Opportunity in Boston: Early Results of a Randomized Mobility Experiment
Katz, Lawrence F.; Kling, Jeffrey Richard; Liebman, … - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2000
This paper examines the short-run impacts of a change in residential neighborhood on the well-being of low-income families, using evidence from the Moving To Opportunity (MTO) program in which eligibility for a housing voucher was determined by random lottery. Applicants in high poverty public...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005774499
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Neighborhood Effects on Crime for Female and Male Youth: Evidence from a Randomized Housing Voucher Experiment
Kling, Jeffrey Richard; Katz, Lawrence F.; Ludwig, Jens - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2004
The Moving to Opportunity (MTO) demonstration assigned housing vouchers via random lottery to public housing residents in five cities. We use the exogenous variation in residential locations generated by MTO to estimate neighborhood effects on youth crime and delinquency. The offer to relocate...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005778534