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Early Life Environment and Racial Inequality in Education and Earnings in the United States

Chay, Kenneth; Guryan, Jonathan; Mazumder, Bhashkar - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2014

Chay, Guryan and Mazumder (2009) found substantial racial convergence in AFQT and NAEP scores across cohorts born in the 1960's and early 1970's that was concentrated among blacks in the South. We demonstrated a close tracking between variation in the test score convergence across states and...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010951110

Structural Estimation of Caloric Intake, Exercise, Smoking, and Obesity

Kelly, Inas Rashad - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2006

The escalating rate of obesity in the US highlights the importance of understanding the causes for this rise. In this paper I employ the First, Second, and Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys to estimate a structural model of the determinants of adult obesity. To control for...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005710585

The Costs of Low Birth Weight

Chay, Kenneth; Almond, Douglas; Lee, David S. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2004

Birth weight has emerged as the leading indicator of infant health and welfare and the central focus of infant health policy. This is because low birth weight (LBW) infants experience severe health and developmental difficulties that can impose enormous costs on society. But would the prevention...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005714352

Air Quality, Infant Mortality, and the Clean Air Act of 1970

Chay, Kenneth; Greenstone, Michael - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2003

We examine the effects of total suspended particulates (TSPs) air pollution on infant health using the air quality improvements induced by the 1970 Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA). This legislation imposed strict regulations on industrial polluters in nonattainment' counties with TSPs...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005714674

Cycling: An Increasingly Untouched Source of Physical and Mental Health

Kelly, Inas Rashad - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2007

Cost savings associated with increased gasoline prices and lower levels of urban sprawl have been cited in terms of personal savings, environmental awareness, reduced costs through lower travel times and congestion, and reduced income inequality. Cost savings in terms of improved health,...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005714694

The Super Size of America: An Economic Estimation of Body Mass Index and Obesity in Adults

Kelly, Inas Rashad; Grossman, Michael; Chou, Shin-Yi - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2005

The increased prevalence of obesity in the United States stresses the pressing need for answers as to why this rapid rise has occurred. This paper employs micro-level data from the First, Second, and Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys to determine the effects that various...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005829157

Birth Cohort and the Black-White Achievement Gap: The Roles of Access and Health Soon After Birth

Chay, Kenneth; Guryan, Jonathan; Mazumder, Bhashkar - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2009

One literature documents a significant, black-white gap in average test scores, while another finds a substantial narrowing of the gap during the 1980's, and stagnation in convergence after. We use two data sources -- the Long Term Trends NAEP and AFQT scores for the universe of applicants to...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10004980322

Fast-Food Restaurant Advertising on Television and Its Influence on Childhood Obesity

Kelly, Inas Rashad; Grossman, Michael; Chou, Shin-Yi - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2005

Childhood obesity around the world, and particularly in the United States, is an escalating problem that is especially detrimental as its effects carry on into adulthood. In this paper we employ the 1979 Child-Young Adult National Longitudinal Survey of Youth and the 1997 National Longitudinal...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005089215

The Impact of Air Pollution on Infant Mortality: Evidence from Geographic Variation in Pollution Shocks Induced by a Recession

Chay, Kenneth; Greenstone, Michael - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 1999

This study uses sharp, differential air quality changes across sites attributable to geographic variation in the effects of the 1981-82 recession to estimate the relationship between infant mortality and particulates air pollution. It is shown that in the narrow period of 1980-82, there was...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005575505

How Does the Business Cycle Affect Eating Habits?

Dave, Dhaval M.; Kelly, Inas Rashad - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2010

(1990-2007) to explore the relationship between the risk of unemployment and the consumption of various healthy and … unhealthy foods. Estimates, based on fixed effects methodologies, indicate that a higher risk of unemployment is associated with … stratifications and by isolating the effect for those predicted to be at highest risk of unemployment based on their socio …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008777352